Well repeated the process with the font you provided in Unity 5.2.2p3... still works fine.
1. New game object, attach UIFont, set to dynamic and referencing a TTF that exists in the project (not built-in fonts!)
2. Saved the object from #1 as a prefab, deleted it from the scene.
3. New game object, attach UIFont, set to reference, drag & drop the prefab from #2.
4. Saved the object from #2 as a prefab, deleted it from the scene.
5. Dragged in a Control - Simple Popup List.
6. Under "Font" chose the font prefab from #4 -- the font field indeed disappeared, but that's because it's set to "Bitmap". Choosing "Dynamic" made the font show up.